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[ The PC Guide | Systems and Components Reference Guide | The Processor | Processor Families | Second Generation Processors ]

Intel 80286

The 80286 was the chip used in IBM's AT (advanced technology) system. The 286 was the first major step up in PC processors, providing significant performance increases over the 8088 and 8086--double or more performance at the same clock speed. The 286 also widened the address bus to allow access to 16 MB of memory, and introduced protected mode operation. It was originally available in 6 MHz and 8 MHz versions, but was later expanded to faster versions, all the way up to 20 MHz.

The 286 opened up the PC world to many users, but still was used mainly as the equivalent of a "turbo-charged 8088". At this time DOS was still the virtually exclusive operating system, and the protected mode the 286 offered was largely ignored.

The 80286 is of course considered obsolete today.

Look here for an explanation of the categories in the processor summary table below, including links to more detailed explanations.

General Information

Manufacturer

Intel

Family Name

80286

Code name

--

Processor Generation

Second

Motherboard Generation

Second

Version

80286
-6

80286
-8

80286
-10

80286
-12

80286
-16

80286
-20

Introduced

Feb. 1982

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Variants and Licensed Equivalents

AMD 286, 286S

Speed Specifications

Memory Bus Speed (MHz)

6

8

10

12

16

20

Processor Clock Multiplier

1.0

Processor Speed (MHz)

6

8

10

12

16

20

"P" Rating

--

Benchmarks

iCOMP Rating

--

iCOMP 2.0 Rating

--

Norton SI

3.1

4.4

5.6

6.7

~9.0

~11.5

Norton SI32

--

CPUmark32

--

Physical Characteristics

Process Technology

CMOS

Circuit Size (microns)

1.5

Die Size (mm^2)

47

Transistors (millions)

0.134

Voltage, Power and Cooling

External or I/O Voltage (V)

5

Internal or Core Voltage (V)

5

Power Management

None

Cooling Requirements

None

Packaging

Packaging Style

68-Pin PGA

Motherboard Interface

68-Pin Socket

External Architecture

Data Bus Width (bits)

16

Maximum Data Bus Bandwidth (Mbytes/sec)

11.4

15.3

19.1

22.9

30.5

38.1

Address Bus Width (bits)

24

Maximum Addressable Memory

16 MB

Level 2 Cache Type

None

Level 2 Cache Size

--

Level 2 Cache Bus Speed

--

Multiprocessing

No

Internal Architecture

Instruction Set

80286

MMX Support

No

Processor Modes

Real, Protected

x86 Execution Method

Native

Internal Components

Register Size (bits)

16

Pipeline Depth (stages)

1

Level 1 Cache Size

None

Level 1 Cache Mapping

--

Level 1 Cache Write Policy

--

Integer Units

1

Floating Point Unit / Math Coprocessor

Optional 80287 Coprocessor

Instruction Decoders

1

Branch Prediction Buffer Size / Accuracy

None

Write Buffers

None

Performance Enhancing Features

None

Next: Third Generation Processors

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